By Caroline Harroe (Harmless CEO)
The assertion that every suicide leaves six people behind has been widely quoted for more than three decades, despite lacking strong empirical backing. By analysing data from a random-digit dial survey, a more accurate estimate of the number of people affected by each suicide is generated.
Research conducted by Ceral et al consisted of a sample of 1,736 adults, among which 812 had been exposed to suicide at some point in their lives and could report their age and frequency of exposures (see source below). The results suggest that each suicide impacts around 135 people who knew the deceased. The implications of this finding are significant since a large number of individuals affected by each suicide might require professional help or support in the aftermath of their exposure.
The recent work has shown that the impact of suicide is far-reaching, affecting individuals, families, communities, and society as a whole. In terms of the breadth of the impact of suicide, the research has shown that suicide can have a significant impact on a wide range of people, including:
- The bereaved: People who lose a loved one to suicide are at increased risk of developing mental health problems, such as depression, anxiety, and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). They are also at increased risk of substance abuse and suicide themselves.
- The survivor: People who survive a suicide attempt are also at increased risk of developing mental health problems. They may also experience guilt, shame, and stigma.
- First responders: First responders who attend the scene of a suicide are at risk of developing mental health problems as well. This is because they are often exposed to traumatic scenes and they may feel helpless to prevent suicide.
- The community: Suicide can have a significant impact on the community as a whole. This is because it can lead to feelings of shock, grief, and anger. It can also damage the reputation of a community and make it difficult to attract new residents and businesses.
- Society as a whole: Suicide has a significant economic impact on society. This is because it leads to the loss of productivity, increased healthcare costs, and increased social welfare costs.
In terms of the reach of the impact of suicide, the research has shown that suicide is a global problem. It affects people of all ages, races, genders, and socioeconomic backgrounds. Suicide is also the second leading cause of death among young people aged 15–29.
The work by Cerel et al on the breadth and reach of the suicide impact is important because it helps to raise awareness of the devastating impact that suicide can have on individuals, families, communities, and society as a whole. This awareness is essential for developing effective suicide prevention strategies.
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Source:
How Many People Are Exposed to Suicide? Not Six
Julie Cerel, Margaret M Brown, Myfanwy Maple, Michael Singleton, Judy van de Venne, Melinda Moore, Chris Flaherty
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29512876/